Study of the Relationship between Social Capital and Self- Assessment of Health of Mothers Shiraz Cit

Women's health in any society is one of the pillars of that country's health. Women's physical, mental and social and health is the basis of society's health. the present study is to investigate the relationship between social capital and mothers’ self-perception health with children under 2 years old. The statistical population of the present study is 397 mothers. using the multi-stage cluster sampling method, information is obtained. Information required using Goldberg 28 General Health Questionnaire To measure social capital, questions were collected from the Onyx and Bolen Social Capital Scale. The data analysis has been done by SPSS software in both descriptive, inferential statistics. The results obtained from the analysis of descriptive statistics of social capital, measured in terms of social trust, social participation and social support, have shown that in assessing mothers of social trust, 82% have a high social trust level environment. In the dimension of social participation, 51% of mothers have assessed a moderate relation in social relations, but 88% have reported poor social participation. In the assessment of the social support of mothers, 68 percent of mothers have modest social support. The results of the analysis of general health components show that 84.4% of mothers have a moderate and acceptable general health. The results of the analysis of inferential statistics show the variables show that there is a significant relationship between the number of live births, high school education and diploma, study status, social class, Fars ethnicity, family income, social support, social participation and social relation with general health.
 
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General Health, Mothers, Social Capital, Self-Assessment of Health, Shiraz City.
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‌Introduction
The health of mothers and women in any society It is considered as one of the pillars of health of that country. Women's physical, mental, social and spiritual health is the basis of society's health. A significant part of human health is the quality of relationships with others, formal and informal groups and institutions, which is referred to as social capital. Social capital is influential as an important and common proposition that can improve health productivity. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the relationship between social capital and mothers’ self-perception health with children under 2 years old.
 
Methodology
The statistical population of the present study is mothers with children under two years old in Shiraz. To determine the sample size, the Cochran formula has been used. The data has been obtained using the multi-stage cluster sampling method referring to health centers in Shiraz. The sample size includes 397 mothers. This research has been carried out by survey method. Goldberg 28-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) was used to collect the required information in this study. The Onyx and Bolen social capital scales have been used to measure social capital. The data analysis has been done by SPSS software in both descriptive and inferential statistics.
 
Findings
For dimensions of general health, in the aspect of physical health status, 59% of mothers have moderate physical health, in the symptoms of anxiety and sleep disorders 61% have moderate symptoms, and in the dimensions of the social function of assessment 69% have moderate symptoms, and in the symptoms of depression of mothers 71% have the symptoms of poor depression. The results obtained from the analysis of descriptive statistics of social capital, measured in terms of social trust, social participation and social support, have shown that in assessing mothers of social trust, 82% have a high social trust level environment. In the dimension of social participation, 51% of mothers have assessed a moderate relation in social relations, but 88% have reported poor social participation. In the assessment of the social support of mothers, 68 percent of mothers have modest social support. The results of multivariate regression show that there is a significant relationship between the number of live births, high school education and diploma, study status, social class, Fars ethnicity, family income, social support, social participation and social relation with general health.
 
Result
Findings from the research results Confirms the relationship between social relationships and maternal health. The role of social relationships can be seen in mothers' physical health, anxiety and disorders, social functioning and depression. According to Bourdieu, social capital is the product of a kind of individual or collective investment, conscious or unconscious which seeks to establish or reproduce social relations, which can be used directly in the short or long term. The relationship between social participation and maternal health has been confirmed in all aspects of public health. These results are consistent with Bourdieu's view that social capital is the product of potential and actual benefits that result from the ownership of a lasting network of institutionalized relationships between individuals. Putnam sees social capital as the connection between individuals and networks of civic engagement which causes a positive correlation between health variables and a sense of happiness in life. The relationship between social support and maternal health has been confirmed. According to Lane, the functions of instrumental and emotional support are considered as functions of social support.
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