Investigating the Effects of Alienation and Social Networks on Women's Social Health in 22 Districts of Tehran

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Ph.D student in Department of Sociology of Economics and Development, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran. imperpiran@yahoo.com

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran. ashahin2000@yahoo.com. (Corresponding Author)

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran. mfilib@yahoo.com

Abstract

One of the dimensions affecting the social health of individuals is social networks, social alienation and social isolation. The purpose of this article is to investigate the role of alienation and social networks in the social health of women in 22 districts of Tehran. The statistical population is women over 18 years old in Tehran. According to Cochran's formula, the sample size was 384 people, and a multi-stage cluster sampling method was used. The tool for measuring variables has formal validity and reliability.
The results showed that the average social health among women in Tehran was 2.87, the feeling of social alienation was 3.04, and the average use of social networks was 3.30. There is a negative and inverse relationship between social alienation and social health (-0.523). If the rate of social alienation among women increases, the rate of social health decreases. The highest value of this relationship is related to the dimension of social adaptation (-0.583) and the lowest value is related to the dimension of social prosperity (-0.455). There is a positive correlation between social networks and social health. The result is that social alienation and its dimensions must be reduced to increase social health among Tehranian women. With the increase in the use of social networks, the amount of social relationships increases and ultimately leads to an increase in social health.
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Alienation, Social Networks, Women's Social Health. 
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‌Introduction
One of the problems that endanger women's public and social health is the phenomenon of social alienation. The factor of social isolation and alienation has an essential role in reducing or improving the level of social health of people in society. Due to the pivotal role of women in the home and family and the increasing presence of women in society and economic and social activities, their social health characteristics are very vulnerable. As a result, social health, which reflects the conditions of society and is influenced by various social factors, has become a sensitive and vital issue for women. Research shows that social health is considered a social issue in the metropolis of Tehran. One of the factors affecting social health is social networks and the feeling of social alienation. It is necessary to determine the use of social networks, social alienation and women's social health? Moreover, what is the connection between them and women's social health?
 
Methodology
The research method is a survey. A standard and researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect information. The study population was women over 18 years old in Tehran in 22 districts, which is equal to 3426,000 people. Cochran's formula estimates the sample size, and their number is 384 people. Multi-stage cluster sampling method was used. The questionnaire question items have been standardized and researched. The measuring instrument has formal validity. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for variables is optimal. In social health, social networks and social alienation, the reliability values ​​are equal to 0.78, 0.79 and 0.84, respectively.
 
Findings
Findings show that the feeling of social alienation is high among women because 37.3% consider the feeling of social alienation to be high. The average feeling of social alienation is 3.04, and the average use of social networks is 3.30. The average social health among women in Tehran is 2.87, slightly lower than average. Among the components of social health, the dimension of social adaptation with 3.10 had the highest, and the dimension of social participation with 2.66 had the lowest average. There is a negative relationship between social health and feelings of social alienation and a positive relationship with social networks. As the rate of social alienation among women increases, so does the rate of social health; with the increasing use of social networks, women's social health increases. The highest value of this relationship is related to the dimension of social cohesion (0.55), and the lowest value is related to the dimension of social participation (0.30).
 
Result
The effect of social alienation and social networks on social health and its dimensions were investigated. The average social health among women in Tehran is 2.87, slightly lower than average. Also, the average feeling of social alienation is 3.04, and the average use of social networks is 3.30. The results showed that the relationship between social alienation and social health among women is significant and negative. This means that as the rate of social alienation among women increases, the rate of social health decreases. Social isolation and feelings of hopelessness as indicators of social alienation harm social health. Although some indicators of social alienation and social health are close, they are not necessarily of the exact nature. Therefore, the existence of social alienation in individuals does not necessarily mean a reduction in prosperity and adaptability or social acceptance and, ultimately, the social health of individuals.
Social networks and increasing social interactions in social networks increase and improve the status of social acceptance, social participation and ultimately, the social health of citizens. Findings show a significant correlation between the dimensions of social health and the use of citizens' social networks. Activity in virtual social networks increases social health by increasing social capital.
According to this study, to improve the social health of women in Tehran, it is necessary to reduce social alienation, feelings of powerlessness, feelings of abnormality, feelings of meaninglessness, social isolation, alienation from oneself and feelings of cultural alienation. On the contrary, it took action to increase social cohesion and unity and the participation of individuals in society and social groups.

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References

 
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